Marsh Habitats Population Genetics Data

Metadata:

• Identification_Information
• Data_Quality_Information
• Entity_and_Attribute_Information
• Metadata_Reference_Information

Identification_Information:

Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator: U.S. Geological Survey, National Wetlands Research Center

Publication_Date: unpublished material

Title: Marsh Habitats Population Genetics Data

Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: digital tabular data

Description:

Abstract:

Louisiana's coastal wetlands are being lost at an alarming rate due to the effects of erosion and subsidence. In an attempt to offset these losses, the U.S. Army Corp of Engineers has developed a benefical use program for the restoration of open-water areas to functional marshes through the deposition of dredged sediments. The success of these efforts will be judged on the basis of the ecological structure, function, and population genetics of the communities restored. From a genetic perspective, a restored population is considered viable only if it harbors sufficient genetic diversity to allow it to adapt to future environmental disturbances. Additionally, genetic diversity plays a significant role in the avoidance of inbreeding, as exemplified by self-fertilization in plants, and the heightened expression of disease traits. Particularly important to any restoration effort, are the ecological successes of the dominant primary producers upon which the fate of the entire ecosystem rests. Smooth cordgrass, Spartina alterniflora, is the dominant low-elevation salt marsh grass found throughout the Northern Gulf of Mexico, and is the focus of this research. This research includes an evaluation of population genetic diversity, natural and artifical mechanisms for the maintenance of diversity, and the level of inbreeding and consequent inbreeding depression resulting from reductions in genetic diversity using four populations of smooth cordgrass growing at restored sites in the Sabine National Wildlife Refuge.

Purpose:

To evaluate the genetic diveristy of four populations of restored S. alterniflora and to determine the level of inbreeding and consequent inbreeding depression due to reductions in genetic diversty.

Time_Period_of_Content:

Time_Period_Information:

Range_of_Dates/Times:

Beginning_Date: 2000

Ending_Date: 2006

Currentness_Reference: ground condition

Status:

Progress: In work

Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: none planned

Spatial_Domain:

Bounding_Coordinates:

West_Bounding_Coordinate: -93.900

East_Bounding_Coordinate: -93.125

North_Bounding_Coordinate: 30.065

South_Bounding_Coordinate: 29.700

Keywords:

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None

Theme_Keyword: genetic diversity

Theme_Keyword: inbreeding

Theme_Keyword: population

Theme_Keyword: salt marsh

Theme_Keyword: smooth cordgrass

Theme_Keyword: wetlands

Theme_Keyword: restoration

Theme_Keyword: genetic structure

Theme_Keyword: genotype

Place:

Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: None

Place_Keyword: Louisiana

Place_Keyword: LA

Place_Keyword: Southwest Louisiana

Place_Keyword: Sabine National Wildlife Refuge

Place_Keyword: Cameron Parish

Place_Keyword: Northern Gulf of Mexico

Taxonomy:

Keywords/Taxon:

Taxonomic_Keyword_Thesaurus: None

Taxonomic_Keywords: Spartina alterniflora

Taxonomic_Keywords: species

Taxonomic_Classification:

Taxon_Rank_Name: Kingdom

Taxon_Rank_Value: Plantae

Taxonomic_Classification:

Taxon_Rank_Name: Division

Taxon_Rank_Value: Magnoliophyta

Taxonomic_Classification:

Taxon_Rank_Name: Class

Taxon_Rank_Value: Liliopsida

Taxonomic_Classification:

Taxon_Rank_Name: Subclass

Taxon_Rank_Value: Commelinidae

Taxonomic_Classification:

Taxon_Rank_Name: Order

Taxon_Rank_Value: Cyperales

Taxonomic_Classification:

Taxon_Rank_Name: Family

Taxon_Rank_Value: Poaceae

Taxonomic_Classification:

Taxon_Rank_Name: Genus

Taxon_Rank_Value: Spartina

Taxonomic_Classification:

Taxon_Rank_Name: Species

Taxon_Rank_Value: alterniflora

Applicable_Common_Name: smooth cordgrass

Access_Constraints:

Any downloading and use of these data signifies a user's agreement to comprehension and compliance of the NWRC Standard Disclaimer. Insure all portions of metadata are read and clearly understood before using these data in order to protect both user and NWRC interests. See section 6.3 Distribution Liability.

Use_Constraints:

Acknowledgement of the National Wetlands Research Center as a data source would be appreciated in products developed from these data, and such acknowledgement as is standard for citation and legal practices for data source is expected by users of this data. Sharing new data layers developed directly from these data would also be appreciated by NWRC staff. Users should be aware that comparisons with other data sets for the same area from other time periods may be inaccurate due to inconsistencies resulting from changes in analyses and digital processes over time. These data are not legal documents and are not to be used as such.

Point_of_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Organization_Primary:

Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, National Wetlands Research Center

Contact_Person: Steven Travis

Contact_Position: Ecologist

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: Mailing and Physical

Address: 700 Cajundome Blvd

City: Lafayette

State_or_Province: LA

Postal_Code: 70506

Country: USA

Contact_Voice_Telephone: 337 266-8583

Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 337 266-8592

Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: steven_travis@usgs.gov

Analytical_Tool:

Analytical_Tool_Description:

ABI Prism 310 Genetic Analyzer: performs a variety of applications such as comparative sequencing, linkage analysis, STR analysis, SNP detection, discovery and validation, and mutation detection

Tool_Access_Information:

Online_Linkage: <http://www.appliedbiosystems.com>

Tool_Access_Instructions: See website for information

Tool_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Organization_Primary:

Contact_Organization: Applied Biosystems, Inc

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: Physical

Address: 850 Lincoln Centre Drive

City: Foster City

State_or_Province: CA

Postal_Code: 94404

Country: USA

Contact_Voice_Telephone: 800 327-3302

Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 650 638-5800

Data_Set_Credit:

The National Wetlands Research Center would like to acknowledge the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Sabine National Wildlife Refuge for their assistance in this study.

Native_Data_Set_Environment: unknown

Cross_Reference:

Citation_Information:

Originator: Egerova, J., C.E. Proffitt, and S.E. Travis

Publication_Date: 2003

Title:

Facilitation of survival and growth of Baccharis halimifolia L. by Spartina alterniflora Loisel. in a created Louisiana salt marsh.

Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: journal article

Publication_Information:

Publisher: Society of Wetlands Scientists

Publication_Place: McLean, VA

Series_Information:

Series_Name: Wetlands

Issue_Identification: 23(2):250-256

Cross_Reference:

Citation_Information:

Originator:

Proffitt, C.E., R.L. Chiasson, A.B. Owens, K.R. Edwards, and S.E. Travis

Publication_Date: 2005

Title:

Spartina alterniflora genotype influences facilitation and suppression of high marsh species colonizing an early successional salt marsh

Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: journal article

Publication_Information:

Publisher: Blackwell Publishing

Publication_Place: Malden, MA

Series_Information:

Series_Name: Journal of Ecology

Issue_Identification: 93:404-416

Cross_Reference:

Citation_Information:

Originator: Proffitt, C.E., S.E. Travis, and K.R. Edwards

Publication_Date: 2003

Title:

Genotype and elevation influence Spartina alterniflora colonization and growth in a created salt marsh

Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: journal article

Publication_Information:

Publisher: Ecological Society of America

Publication_Place: Washington, DC

Series_Information:

Series_Name: Ecological Applications

Issue_Identification: 13(1):180-192

Cross_Reference:

Citation_Information:

Originator: Travis, S.E., C.E. Proffitt, R.C. Lowenfeld, and T.W. Mitchell

Publication_Date: 2002

Title:

A comparative assessment of genetic diversity among differently-aged populations of Spartina alterniflora on restored versus natural wetlands

Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: journal article

Publication_Information:

Publisher: Blackwell Publishing

Publication_Place: Malden, MA

Series_Information:

Series_Name: Restoration Ecology

Issue_Identification: 10(1):37-42

Cross_Reference:

Citation_Information:

Originator: Travis, S.E., C.E. Proffitt, and K. Ritland

Publication_Date: 2004

Title:

Population structure and inbreeding vary with successional stage in created Spartina alterniflora marshes

Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: journal article

Publication_Information:

Publisher: Ecological Society of America

Publication_Place: Washington, DC

Series_Information:

Series_Name: Ecological Applications

Issue_Identification: 14(4):1189-1202

Cross_Reference:

Citation_Information:

Originator: Travis, S.E. and M.H. Hester

Publication_Date: 2005

Title:

A space-for-time substitution reveals the long-term decline in genotypic diversity of a widespread salt marsh plant, Spartina alterniflora, over a span of 1,500 years

Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: journal article

Publication_Information:

Publisher: Blackwell Publishing

Publication_Place: Malden, MA

Series_Information:

Series_Name: Journal of Ecology

Issue_Identification: 93:417-430

Cross_Reference:

Citation_Information:

Originator:

Travis, S.E., C.E. Proffitt, K.Edwards, G. Hartman, and G. Haigh

Publication_Date: 2002

Title:

Ongoing dredged material marsh research in the Sabine National Wildlife Refuge in: Turner, G. and W. Streever, Approaches to coastal wetlands restoration: Northern Gulf of Mexico

Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: book chapter

Publication_Information:

Publisher: SPB Academic Publishing

Publication_Place: The Hague, The Netherlands

Cross_Reference:

Citation_Information:

Originator:

Vos, P. R. Hogers, M. Bleeker, M. Reijans, T. van de Lee, M. Hornes, A. Frijters, J. Pot, J. Peleman, M. Kuiper, and M. Zabeau

Publication_Date: 1995

Title: AFLP: a new technique for DNA fingerprinting

Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: journal article

Publication_Information:

Publisher: Oxford Journals

Publication_Place: Oxford, England

Series_Information:

Series_Name: Nucleic Acids Research

Issue_Identification: 23:4407-4414

Data_Quality_Information:

Attribute_Accuracy:

Attribute_Accuracy_Report:

The accuracy of the attributes is dependent on the instrumentation and statistical software used for analyses. An exact accuracy value can not be determined due to the procedures and software used.

Logical_Consistency_Report:

Will be reported once the study is complete. Processes and methodology may change during the course of research.

Completeness_Report:

The completeness of these data is currently unknown since the project is still ongoing.

Lineage:

Methodology:

Methodology_Type: Field/Greenhouse/Lab

Methodology_Identifier:

Methodology_Keyword_Thesaurus: None

Methodology_Keyword: leaf tissue

Methodology_Keyword: transect

Methodology_Keyword: clone

Methodology_Keyword: ramet

Methodology_Keyword: randomly selected

Methodology_Keyword: transplanting

Methodology_Keyword: seedling

Methodology_Keyword: restored

Methodology_Description:

Sample collection and preparation - Leaf tissue from Spartina alterniflora was collected along linear transects in three restored marshed and one reference marsh in Sabine National Wildlife Refuge. Sites with continuous swards of grass were sampled by establishing random plot locations along 1 to 3 transects, depending on the total area of the site. In young sites, populated by many distinct circular clones of S. alterniflora separated by expanses of bare ground, the 5 clonal patches lying nearest to randomly determined points along the transects were sampled. Within each of two recently restored sites, 20 clones were sampled selected at random. Ninety-six seedlings were grown from each clone - 8 for each of 12 ramets. Six ramets were sampled near the center of each clone, and six from the periphery. At the two older sites, individual clones were impossible to identify by eye; therefore, 20 sampling units were established within a 40x40m grid, with 12 ramets sampled from each. An experimental approach was taken to characterize the breeding system in S. alterniflora by transplanting ramets, in all possible pairs as well as singly, from clones growing on a previously clonized area of site. After one season, seeds from lone clones and paired clones were expected to yield selfed and outcrossed embryos, respectively, which were grown in a greenhouse and genotyped as well. Inbreeding depression was assessed in both the field and greenhouse. The greenhouse experiment will address whether seeds and seedlings of S. alterniflora produced by outbreeding between different parental genets from the previous experiment are more viable than those produced by self-fertilization. In the field, inbreeding depression was assessed by comparing the rates of selfing with the average parental inbreeding coefficient.

Methodology:

Methodology_Type: Lab

Methodology_Identifier:

Methodology_Keyword_Thesaurus: None

Methodology_Keyword: DNA extraction

Methodology_Keyword: molecular marker

Methodology_Keyword: genetic diversity

Methodology_Description:

Genetic analysis - DNA was extracted from green leaf tissue and used to develop molecular markers according to the methods of Vos et al. (1995). Data gathered for competitive interactions between experimental clones was analyzed to assess the relative rates of vegetative growth of 2 clones when grown separately and together, and the relative rates of flowering and seed set of 2 clones when grown separately and together.

Process_Step:

Process_Description: See methodology

Process_Date: 2000-2006

Entity_and_Attribute_Information:

Overview_Description:

Entity_and_Attribute_Overview:

The attributes in this study were measured and calculated for the purpose of evaluating genetic diversity of Spartina alterniflora in restored marshes.

Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: USGS Project number 83439HD Task 1 report

Metadata_Reference_Information:

Metadata_Date: 20060213

Metadata_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Organization_Primary:

Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, National Wetlands Research Center

Contact_Position: Metadata Specialist

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: Mailing and Physical

Address: 700 Cajundome Blvd

City: Lafayette

State_or_Province: LA

Postal_Code: 70506

Country: USA

Contact_Voice_Telephone: 337 266-8500

Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 337 266-8513

Metadata_Standard_Name: Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata

Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998

Metadata_Access_Constraints: None

Metadata_Use_Constraints:

Acknowledgement of the National Wetlands Research Center as the metadata source would be appreciated. Please cite the original metadata when using portions to create another record for slightly altered data, such as reprojection.